Human Beings Exercise Responsibilities Within A Social

A Free Society Is Regarded As One That Does Not Engage, On Principle, In Attempting To Control What People Find Meaningful, And A Totalitarian Society Is Regarded As One That Does, On Principle, Attempt Such Control.

The Amount Of Knowledge Which We Can Justify From Evidence Directly Available To Us Can Never Be Large. The Overwhelming Proportion Of Our Factual Beliefs Continue Therefore To Be Held At Second Hand Through Trusting Others, And In The Great Majority Of Cases Our Trust Is Placed In The Authority Of Comparatively Few People Of Widely Acknowledged Standing.

We Cannot Ultimately Specify The Grounds (either Metaphysical Or Logical Or Empirical) Upon Which We Hold That Our Knowledge Is True. Being Committed To Such Grounds, Dwelling In Them, We Are Projecting Ourselves To What We Believe To Be True From Or Through These Grounds. We Cannot Therefore See What They Are. We Cannot Look At Them Because We Are Looking With Them.

Personal Participation Is The Universal Principle Of Knowing.

Admittedly, Scientific Authority Is Not Distributed Evenly Throughout The Body Of Scientists; Some Distinguished Members Of The Profession Predominate Over Others Of A More Junior Standing.