Religious Representations Are Collective Representations Which Express

Religious Phenomena Are Naturally Arranged In Two Fundamental Categories: Beliefs And Rites. The First Are States Of Opinion, And Consist In Representations; The Second Are Determined Modes Of Action.

There Is No Society Known Where A More Or Less Developed Criminality Is Not Found Under Different Forms. No People Exists Whose Morality Is Not Daily Infringed Upon. We Must Therefore Call Crime Necessary And Declare That It Cannot Be Non-existent, That The Fundamental Conditions Of Social Organization, As They Are Understood, Logically Imply It.

A Person Is Not Merely A Single Subject Distinguished From All The Others. It Is Especially A Being To Which Is Attributed A Relative Autonomy In Relation To The Environment With Which It Is Most Immediately In Contact.

If One Class Of Society Is Obliged, In Order To Live, To Take Any Price For Its Services, While Another Can Abstain From Such Action Thanks To Resources At Its Disposal Which, However, Are Not Necessarily Due To Any Social Superiority, The Second Has An Unjust Advantage Over The First At Law. In Other Words, There Cannot Be Rich And Poor A Birth Without There Being Unjust Contracts.

Our Whole Social Environment Seems To Us To Be Filled With Forces Which Really Exist Only In Our Own Minds.