Profits Are Not Made By Differential Cleverness,

It Is Not By The Absolute Quantity Of Produce Obtained By Either Class, That We Can Correctly Judge Of The Rate Of Profit, Rent, And Wages, But By The Quantity Of Labour Required To Obtain That Produce.

In The Same Manner If Any Nation Wasted Part Of Its Wealth, Or Lost Part Of Its Trade, It Could Not Retain The Same Quantity Of Circulating Medium Which It Before Possessed.

Whenever, Then, The Usual And Ordinary Rate Of The Profits Of Agricultural Stock, And All The Outgoings Belonging To The Cultivation Of Land, Are Together Equal To The Value Of The Whole Produce, There Can Be No Rent.

Every Transaction In Commerce Is An Independent Transaction.

It Has Therefore Been Justly Observed That However Honestly The Coin Of A Country May Conform To Its Standard, Money Made Of Gold And Silver Is Still Liable To Fluctuations In Value, Not Only To Accidental, And Temporary, But To Permanent And Natural Variations, In The Same Manner As Other Commodities.