It Is Wrong To Think That Belief

Optimism Is A Duty. The Future Is Open. It Is Not Predetermined. No One Can Predict It, Except By Chance. We All Contribute To Determining It By What We Do. We Are All Equally Responsible For Its Success.

The Old Scientific Ideal Of Episteme - Of Absolutely Certain, Demonstrable Knowledge - Has Proved To Be An Idol. The Demand For Scientific Objectivity Makes It Inevitable That Every Scientific Statement Must Remain Tentative For Ever.

The Initial Stage, The Act Of Conceiving Or Inventing A Theory, Seems To Me Neither To Call For Logical Analysis Nor To Be Susceptible Of It.

Every Intellectual Has A Very Special Responsibility. He Has The Privilege And The Opportunity Of Studying. In Return, He Owes It To His Fellow Men (or 'to Society') To Represent The Results Of His Study As Simply, Clearly And Modestly As He Can. The Worst Thing That Intellectuals Can Do - The Cardinal Sin - Is To Try To Set Themselves Up As Great Prophets Vis-à-vis Their Fellow Men And To Impress Them With Puzzling Philosophies. Anyone Who Cannot Speak Simply And Clearly Should Say Nothing And Continue To Work Until He Can Do So.

The Question Is Not How To Get Good People To Rule; The Question Is: How To Stop The Powerful From Doing As Much Damage As They Can To Us.