I Don't Have Much Positive To Say

For Years, My Early Work With Roger Penrose Seemed To Be A Disaster For Science. It Showed That The Universe Must Have Begun With A Singularity, If Einstein's General Theory Of Relativity Is Correct. That Appeared To Indicate That Science Could Not Predict How The Universe Would Begin.

Real Science Can Be Far Stranger Than Science Fiction And Much More Satisfying.

One Can Imagine That God Created The Universe At Literally Any Time In The Past. On The Other Hand, If The Universe Is Expanding, There May Be Physical Reasons Why There Had To Be A Beginning. One Could Imagine That God Created The Universe At The Instant Of The Big Bang, Or Even Afterwards In Just Such A Way As To Make It Look As Though There Had Been A Big Bang, But It Would Be Meaningless To Suppose That It Was Created Before The Big Bang. An Expanding Universe Does Not Preclude A Creator, But It Does Place Limits On When He Might Have Carried Out His Job!

Not To Take This Web Of Dualities As A Sign We Are On The Right Track Would Be A Bit Like Believing That God Put Fossils Into The Rocks In Order To Mislead Darwin About The Evolution Of Life.

If The Rate Of Expansion One Second After The Big Bang Had Been Smaller By Even One Part In A Hundred Thousand Million Million, It Would Have Recollapsed Before It Reached Its Present Size. On The Other Hand, If It Had Been Greater By A Part In A Million, The Universe Would Have Expanded Too Rapidly For Stars And Planets To Form.