Geology Is The Science Which Investigates The

Millions Of Our Race Are Now Supported By Lands Situated Where Deep Seas Once Prevailed In Earlier Ages. In Many Districts Not Yet Occupied By Man, Land Animals And Forests Now Abound Where The Anchor Once Sank Into The Oozy Bottom.

Hitherto, No Rival Hypothesis Has Been Proposed As A Substitute For The Doctrine Of Transmutation; For 'independent Creation,' As It Is Often Termed, Or The Direct Intervention Of The Supreme Cause, Must Simply Be Considered As An Avowal That We Deem The Question To Lie Beyond The Domain Of Science.

It Was A Profound Saying Of Wilhelm Humboldt, That 'man Is Man Only By Means Of Speech, But In Order To Invent Speech He Must Be Already Man.'

The Ordinary Naturalist Is Not Sufficiently Aware That When Dogmatizing On What Species Are, He Is Grappling With The Whole Question Of The Organic World & Its Connection With The Time Past & With Man; That It Involves The Question Of Man & His Relation To The Brutes, Of Instinct, Intelligence & Reason, Of Creation, Transmutation & Progressive Improvement Or Development. Each Set Of Geological Questions & Of Ethnological & Zool. & Botan. Are Parts Of The Great Problem Which Is Always Assuming A New Aspect.

It Has Long Been A Fact Familiar To Geologists, That, Both On The East And West Coasts Of The Central Part Of Scotland, There Are Lines Of Raised Beaches, Containing Marine Shells Of The Same Species As Those Now Inhabiting The Neighbouring Sea.